2018: A Year of Mixed (Market) Signals

While the global equity markets enjoyed one of their best years in 2017, 2018 offered a different story, bookended by early- and late-year volatility. The last week in December, for example, saw stocks attempt a rebound from the edge of bear market territory. According to Bloomberg data, it was the first time since May 2010 that the S&P 500 had posted such a large reversal.

This year told a tale of trade conflicts with China, the intensifying Mueller investigation, geopolitical tensions, government shutdowns over the budget and the possibility of slower economic growth amid higher interest rates. While we’ve seen some progress on trade talks with China, there are still contentious issues to be ironed out, explains Washington Policy Analyst Ed Mills.

This is the first year in nearly a decade in which most major asset classes will end in negative territory, notes Peter Greenberger, director, Mutual Fund & 529 Plan Product Management. A particularly turbulent December brought almost daily gyrations, with the three major domestic indices ping-ponging between gains and losses.

Performance reflects price returns as of 4:30 EDT on December 31, 2018.

Here is a look at what’s happening in the economy and capital markets, as well as key factors we are watching:

Economy

• Recent economic data reports have remained consistent with relatively strong growth and contained inflation, according to Raymond James Chief Economist Scott Brown. Growth is expected to moderate in 2019, and there are some potential headwinds, including trade policy, slowing global growth, Brexit, Italy and the Mueller investigation.
• The Federal Reserve (Fed) raised short-term interest rates four times in 2018. Future policy moves will remain data-dependent, but the pace of rate increases is expected to slow in 2019.

Equities

• The broad market S&P 500 is approaching bear market territory as defined by a 20% decline.
• However, Mike Gibbs, managing director of Equity Portfolio & Technical Strategy, believes economic growth, the jobs market, leading indicators and corporate profits all support non-recessionary conditions.
• This year, earnings are set to grow by a very strong 22.2%, and Gibbs expects to see 5-6% growth in 2019.

Fixed Income

• It’s likely that the bond market will continue to react to market conditions, and investors can expect some volatility in the near future. For November, the yield went from 3.13% to 2.99% and was hovering around 2.81% toward the end of the year, points out Doug Drabik, senior fixed income strategist.
• The 2- to 10-year Treasury spread has shown little movement. But Drabik notes that the 1-to-5-year part of the Treasury curve is extremely flat to slightly inverted. Of greater significance is the flattening of the 3-month bill to 10-year Treasury, in his view.
• The volatility can be largely attributed to the Fed’s short-term rate hikes as well as the flight-to-quality as investors move from equities into bonds.
• During times of greater volatility, adhering to a long-term plan can be helpful. Laddered maturity investing across the yield curve may provide the advantages of optimizing long-term income while mitigating interest rate risk.

International

• During times of greater volatility, adhering to a long-term plan can be helpful. Laddered maturity investing across the yield curve may provide the advantages of optimizing long-term income while mitigating interest rate risk.
• In the U.K., the Brexit debate remains complicated and still has multiple end scenarios, but more recent conversations have again focused on the need to find a compromise deal. Meanwhile in the Eurozone, an agreement was reached between the European Commission and the Italian government over the latter's budget for 2019. This enshrined a greater use of fiscal policy measures, a point also apparent in new policies introduced by President Macron of France that appear to have helped quell recent significant public demonstrations in the country.
• Chinese policymakers appear more focused on building on the better tone around global trade negotiations by restarting purchasing of important commodities such as soybeans (from the U.S.) as well as seemingly committing themselves to more reform measures such as opening up more product markets to more competition. There were also signs of new fiscal policy stimulus measures in China as well as elsewhere in the region in Japan.

Bottom Line

• If we were to slip into a bear market right now, Gibbs expects it to be non-recessionary. Keep in mind that non-recessionary bear markets have typically rebounded to new highs twice as quickly as recessionary bear markets. Investors should remain steadfast in the face of headlines that may cause market gyrations. Investing is a long-term endeavor and should be viewed as such, Greenberger notes.

Please let me know if you have any questions about recent market events or how to position your long-term financial plan for the months ahead. I look forward to speaking with you. We wish you a healthy and prosperous 2019!

Sincerely,

Tyler Daly
Financial Advisor
Raymond James Financial Services, Inc.

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